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Carbohydrates are one of the three macronutrients that are essential for the proper functioning of the human body, alongside fats and proteins. Carbohydrates have been given a negative reputation in recent years, but in fact, your body needs them to function properly. Here, we discuss what carbohydrates are, why your body needs them, and the different types of carbohydrates that you can consume.
What are Carbohydrates?
Carbohydrates are molecules made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. They consist of single units of sugars such as glucose, fructose, and galactose, which combine to form complex carbohydrates such as starch, glycogen, and fiber.
Your body breaks down carbohydrates to use them for energy. Glucose, the simplest form of carbohydrate, is the primary source of energy for your body and is used by your brain, muscles, and organs for fuel.
Why Your Body Needs Carbohydrates?
Carbohydrates are an essential source of energy for your body. They provide glucose, which is used by your brain, muscles, and organs for fuel. Glucose is also stored in your liver and muscles as glycogen, which can be used later when your body needs it.
Carbohydrates also play a crucial role in maintaining healthy bowel movements. Fiber, a type of carbohydrate, passes through your digestive system without being broken down into glucose. Fiber adds bulk to your stool and helps with regular bowel movements. It also helps to reduce cholesterol levels in your blood and maintains healthy gut bacteria.
Different Types of Carbohydrates and Their Effects on Blood Glucose
There are three types of carbohydrates:
- Simple Carbohydrates: Also known as simple sugars, these are quickly broken down into glucose and absorbed into your bloodstream. Examples include fruits, milk, and table sugar. Consuming too much of these can cause spikes in blood glucose levels leading to the crash.
- Complex Carbohydrates: These consist of multiple sugar molecules and take longer to digest. Examples include whole grains, vegetables, and legumes. They have a lower glycemic index, which means they cause a slower, more steady rise in blood glucose.
- Fiber: This is the indigestible part of plant-based foods that add bulk to your stool and promote bowel regularity. Examples include vegetables, fruits, legumes, and whole grains. Fiber can lower blood glucose and cholesterol levels in the body.
Conclusion
Carbohydrates are an essential macronutrient in your diet and provide your body with energy, fiber, and other essential nutrients. It is important to emphasize complex carbohydrates and fiber in your diet and limit simple carbohydrates to maintain a healthy diet.
Image source: Michael Henri
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